Friday, April 27, 2012

They make you fat…and they aren’t food!


What do new car smell, your favorite fragrance, and a plastic bottle have in common? Well, while it sounds like a bad joke, it is quite serious. Each of these and many other common products contain substances called obesogens. That’s right, chemicals that initiate or propagate obesity. Of course, diet and exercise are still real contributors to weight, but the body composition equation runs a coefficient of hormone balance and obesogens disrupt hormone balance….sometimes in a big way!  And don’t think that just because you maintain healthy body weight that this doesn’t apply to you. Obesogens are endocrine disruptors and are the same chemicals that contribute to hormone issues such polycystic ovarian syndrome, amenorrhea, low testosterone, infertility, increased perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms, and certain cancers regardless of what the scale says.

Plasticizers leach from carpets and newly installed car interiors, thus providing that ever so pungent new car smell. In fact, when working with a hormone imbalance patient, I ask questions about exposure to new carpets and cars and after the weird looks, I get the story and excitement of a new “thing”, and then another weird look. Although, more often than not symptoms started or got worse after the new purchase.

If you’re thinking this is just another made up term to scare us or another excuse to rationalize dietary indiscretion, you would be misinformed. Obesogen is a term first coined in 2002 and since then has been cited in 19 peer-reviewed articles, with 6 of those published in 2011 and 4 already in 2012. It is gaining understanding and isn’t going away.

Much like we are learning that certain phytonutrients speak directly to our own genetic material, the hypothalamus, our master gland, and may either potentiate or interfere with enzymes, so too do these environmental chemicals.

The following are four truths as found in the Journal of Andrology:
  • Obesogens are chemicals that directly or indirectly lead to increased fat accumulation and obesity. 
  • Obesogens have the potential to disrupt multiple metabolic signaling pathways in the developing organism that can result in permanent changes in adult physiology.
  • Prenatal or perinatal exposure to obesogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals has been shown to predispose an organism to store more fat from the beginning of its life.
  • This suggests that humans, who have been exposed to obesogenic chemicals during sensitive windows of development, might be pre-programmed to store increased amounts of fat, resulting in a lifelong struggle to maintain a healthy weight and exacerbating the deleterious effects of poor diet and inadequate exercise.[1]

So it really may be true that some people are literally programmed to be fatter. However, that doesn’t mean that it is inevitable or uncontrollable. We are all dealt a different deck. Not all of us have the genetic material to be Olympic athletes and some that do, do not participate in the required training to compete, thus illustrating the contributions of both how we were made and what we’re exposed to. Where this becomes vitally important is during the reproductive years. Preconception programs often address helping moms-to-be and dads-to-be engage in healthy behaviors, optimizing hormone levels, improving detoxification, and reducing exposures to toxins. This is one such sensitive windows where obesogens can wreak havoc on metabolism…prior to conception!

The list of obesogens include phthalates also known as plasticizers are also found in personal care products such as shaving creams, colognes, and lotions, Bisphenol A (BPA) is found in plastic bottles and polyvinylchlorides found in shower curtains.

Recent changes at Whole Foods Market address possible concerns with obesogens. Dr. J. Renae Norton describes these changes in a two part series (Part I and Part II).

However, you can drive yourself crazy thinking about avoiding these chemicals. Most of them are released for absorption through your skin or ingested when plastics are heated. Avoiding hot plastics is a good step in the right direction but total avoidance is likely not possible with these nearly ubiquitous chemicals. Additionally, though, you can support the excretion of these chemicals through supporting liver, kidney, and bowel function on a daily basis.  Glutathione levels are perhaps most important if we zoom in single markers of the body. Glutathione acts as a free radical scavenger and also supports liver function. Without the bowel and kidneys functioning at their best, these chemicals cannot be eliminated. Supporting kidney function can be done with Sole therapy using Original Himalayan Crystal Salt and pH Quintessence on a daily basis. The pH Quintessence product also supports liver function, glutathione levels and bowel motility, making it a versatile and easy to use product. While obesogens may have programmed you to gain weight faster than normal and caused hormone imbalance, supporting the hypothalamus, the master gland, can help send the right signals to the right glands that need help the most while your body restores homeostasis. The hypothalamus talks to the pituitary gland and these two partners then communicate to the thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes. Natural Health International has introduced products for men well as different stages of life for women (Premenopausal, Perimenopausal, and Postmenopausal) to support comprehensive endocrine balance without introducing hormones from outside the body but rather supporting hypothalamus and pituitary function and all their downstream metabolic effects.

Obesogens are a serious chemical insult, but with some awareness of their effects, can be minimized and our bodies fully supported.


[1] Janesick A, Blumberg B. Obesogens, stem cells and the developmental programming of obesity. Int J Androl. 2012 Feb 28. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2012.01247.x.

Tuesday, April 17, 2012

Tuning Metabolism: Melatonin’s Role in a Rapid Weight Loss Program


Most individuals following a medically guided weight loss program will lose weight. However, the operative word here is following. The number one reason why programs fail is poor compliance. The old adage frequently attributed to Benjamin Franklin applies “Failure to plan is planning to fail.”

Practitioners hear the excuses, “I’m too tired…”, “I’m too stressed….”, or “I’m too busy….” to plan and coordinate the right foods and exercises into my lifestyle to stick with the program. Even the simplest plans can end in failure due to a poor night’s sleep or perceived decreased energy during the day.
Programs can focus on reduced calories, increased activity, detoxification, or hormone balance. The best ones have a contribution from all of these and will also pay particular attention to the stresses that are placed on a body that is decreasing in total mass!

Most weight loss patients expect to feel better when starting a “get healthy plan,” but more times than not one or more predictable yet overlooked stresses derails a well-meaning patient and frustrates a well-intentioned doctor.  Most people feel a bit worse before they feel better.

Stresses on the weight-loss body include
  • Changes in circadian rhythms 
  • Oxidative stress 
  • Toxic release from adipose (fat) tissue
Waking up early, going to bed earlier, or staying up later to accommodate a new lifestyle can be disastrous to the normal diurnal cycles that the body clings to for natural adaptation and survival. Any change (even healthy ones) to the status quo causes additional stress to the body in an attempt to restore homeostasis. Melatonin is the most commonly suggested therapeutic for entrainment of circadian rhythm. Most often studied in shift work disorders, jet lag, changes in season, and among the blind, little doubt exists between the connection between this powerful hormone and daily cycles. A 3 milligram dose is often used over the short term to correct for changes and ease the body into adapting to the new healthy patterns. If not addressed up front during a weight loss programs, many patients will seek conventional medical intervention for sleep such as prescription hypnotics. However, this can have potential ill results as reported in the British Medical Journal which associated these medicines with increased mortality. [1]

With melatonin’s reputation as a sleep product, many practitioners forget that melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Most patients have never even been introduced to this concept. Rapid weight loss patients may experience increased oxidative stress due to exercise, increased protein intake, and even reduced calorie intake can be seen by the body as an oxidative stress event. In fact, even healthy fats including fish oils which support the reduction of systemic inflammation can increase an individual’s need for antioxidants. Oral melatonin has the potential to reduce this oxidative stress load.[2] Melatonin at 0.3 milligrams can effectively be used for long-term support in the event that a rapid weight loss program is expected to take a longer time frame. For example, individuals needing to lose more than 30 pounds may require three or more months and low, physiological-dosed melatonin (0.3 mg) is appropriate for supporting this process.

Toxins, whether environmental or excess intermediate metabolites from normal metabolism, are often sequestered in adipose tissue to protect vital tissues and organs from free radical damage. During rapid weight loss, adipose tissue decreases in size (the desired outcome of the program), yet this eliminates valuable storage for these toxins. Weight loss releases these toxins into the blood stream and must be handled effectively. Fecal elimination must be supported as well urinary excretion. Liver support, antioxidant support, and bowel and kidney support are all necessary to safely and effectively master a rapid weight loss plan. When dietary antioxidants and alkalization are not enough, simple supplementation of pH-supporting greens and melatonin can be useful. In fact, melatonin has been used to support bowel motility among those with those further into the dis-ease state of irritable bowel syndrome[3] and pain in those with inflammatory bowel disease.[4]  

In the context of weight-loss, it is rare to find a patient seeking this type of support without other comorbid conditions. Addressing these personalized needs are key to success. Sleep challenges are pervasive affecting up to 30% of the population. Gastrointestinal disturbances and hormone and/ or stage-of-life related conditions also affect a majority of weight loss patients. Thus, using a combination of interventions to support hormone balance, gastrointestinal health, and healing sleep is simply good lifestyle medicine and prudent to support compliance in a medically supervised weight loss program.


[1] Kripke DF, Langer RD, Kline LE. Hypnotics’ association with mortality or cancer: a matched cohort study. BMJ Open 2012;2: e000850.
[2] Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Osuna C, Gitto E. Actions of melatonin in the reduction of oxidative stress. A review. J Biomed Sci. 2000 Nov-Dec;7(6):444-58.
[3] Lu WZ, Gwee, KA, Moochhalla, S, Ho, KY. Melatonin improves bowel symptoms in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22: 927–934.
[4] G H Song, P H Leng,K A Gwee,S M Moochhala, K Y Ho. Melatonin improves abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome patients who have sleep disturbances: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study. Gut 2005;54:1402-1407 doi:10.1136/gut.2004.062034